1. 摇滚的英文怎么说 Rock and Roll或Rock&Roll，也有简称Rock的摇滚乐在1950年代出现于美国，然而其音乐中的元素则可以追溯到早在1920年代的蓝调音乐 。
早期摇滚乐融合了蓝调音乐、布基乐以及爵士乐，并受到美国传统民谣音乐、教会福音乐以及乡村音乐的薰陶 。再向上追溯，甚至早在十九世纪的纽约的五分区，便可以找到融合非洲音乐以及爱尔兰音乐的摇滚乐雏形 。
“Rocking 摇滚”一词最初是被唱圣诗 （gospel）的美国南部歌手使用 。（并非传统圣诗，而是黑人那种带有背面节拍'backbeat'的R&B，是摇滚的前身之一），意指一种使人精神上升上天堂的音乐 。
可是到了40年代，这一词是用作双关语，字面上定义为一种舞蹈，里面却隐含着性爱的意义；例如 Roy Brown（蓝调歌手）当时的歌是叫“Good Rocking Tonight” 。这种歌因当时一般被贬为叫做“种族音乐 race music”（音乐界对R&B的代称）而很少被音乐界的主流——白种人所听到 。
1951年，在俄亥俄州的克里夫兰市里有个叫 Alan Freed的DJ，开始为他的白人听众播出这种音乐，而就是Freed被誉为第一个为这种震撼的R&B音乐奠定“Rock and roll，摇滚乐”这个称号 。对于何张唱片称得上是第一张摇滚乐唱片仍然存有许多争议 。
候选者包括Jackie Brenston & His Delta Cats在1951年的《Rocket 88》，以及后来更广为人知的《Maybellene》、《Johnny B. Goode》（Chuck Berry）或《Bo Diddley》（Bo Diddley）、《Rock Around the Clock》（Bill Haley & His Comets），或者按照滚石杂志（RollingStone magazine）2005年富有争议的观点：Elvis Presley（猫王）在孟菲斯（美国田纳西州西南部一城市）为SUN records厂牌发行的第一支单曲《That`s all right》 。一些历史学家追溯的更远，他们指出，类似Fats Domino之类40年代音乐家的曲风难以与摇滚乐相互区分，其中包括：《Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby？》（Louis Jordan）、《The Oakie Bookie》（Jack Guthrie,1947）以及《Rock Me to Sleep》（Benny Carter and Paul Vandervoort II,1950） 。
那些较早具有影响力和先驱精神的艺术家们于1955年开始被记录：Bill Haley, Elvis Presley,Fats Domino,Little Richard,Chuck Berry,Jerry Lee Lewis 。
2. 求一篇写摇滚的英语短文 Rock and roll (often written as rock & roll or rock 'n' roll) is a genre of popular music that originated and evolved in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s, primarily from a combination of African American blues, country, jazz, and gospel music. Though elements of rock and roll can be heard in country records of the 1930s, and in blues records from the 1920s,rock and roll did not acquire its name until the 1950s.The term "rock and roll" now has at least two different meanings, both in common usage. The American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both define rock and roll as synonymous with rock music. Encyclop?dia Britannica, on the other hand, regards it as the music that originated in the mid-1950s and later evolved "into the more encompassing international style known as rock music." For the purpose of differentiation, this article uses the second definition, while the broader musical genre is discussed in the rock music article.In the earliest rock and roll styles of the late 1940s and early 1950s, either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument, but these were generally replaced or supplemented by guitar in the middle to late 1950s. The beat is essentially a blues rhythm with an accentuated backbeat, the latter almost always provided by a snare drum. Classic rock and roll is usually played with one or two electric guitars (one lead, one rhythm), a string bass or (after the mid-1950s) an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit.Rock and roll began achieving wide popularity in the 1960s. The massive popularity and eventual worldwide view of rock and roll gave it a widespread social impact. Bobby Gillespie writes that "When Chuck Berry sang 'Hail, hail, rock and roll, deliver me from the days of old,' that's exactly what the music was doing. Chuck Berry started the global psychic jailbreak that is rock'n'roll."Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and on television, influenced lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. It went on to spawn various sub-genres, often without the initially characteristic backbeat, that are now more commonly called simply "rock music" or "rock." 。