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作为天下第一行书,只要是练习书法者,对于《兰亭序》并不陌生,如果不读《兰亭序》则不知文脉为何意。如果不写《兰亭序》则不知笔韵为何物。

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王羲之是东晋伟大书法家,他一变汉魏朴质书风,开晋后妍美劲健之体,创楷、行、草之典范,后世莫不宗法。他行书字帖《兰亭序》是他的代表作,被书法界誉为“天下第一行书”,千百年来倾倒了无数习书者。王羲之亦因此被后人尊称为“书圣”,那么我们在欣赏兰亭序的时候,发现了王羲之用笔的秘密。

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首先就是他提笔开始写的时候,尖锋用笔,尖锋用笔,就是充分调用笔尖的锋毫,并由细细的锋毫引发独特的笔势。我们通常将笔毫划分成笔尖、笔肚、笔根三部分。尖锋就是指毛笔前端的三分之一,甚至指向笔毫的顶端处。在每一个字起笔的时候,能看到笔锋犀利。

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从王羲之之前的作品残片中,他的尖锋用笔并不是很常见,尖锋入纸动作要求准确精到,入纸后再运笔过程中稳定而自由地调度,这些都必须对锋尖精准把握。

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尖锋运笔形成点画的尖角与直角,以及内向结构体势形成各种锐角与直角。这种尖、直形成的清晰空间轮廓,结构简洁,空间分布均匀,给人干净清朗之感。

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其次是王羲之的绞转用笔,绞转是书法专用术语,是指书法家在用毛笔书写线条时连续不断地转动毛笔的锥面。与捻管不同, 绞转这一笔技是魏晋笔法的核心部分,由篆隶笔法演变而来。

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绞转笔法也是王羲之书法用笔的主要组成部分。到了唐宋,书法家书写多体现提、按,明清书家翻笔使用较为普及。

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用绞转笔法突破了线条的单纯性,从而制造出书法中块面的立体感,以质朴和随意性给人以新奇的美感和逸笔行书的魅力。

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最后就是《兰亭序》的欹侧多依字型自然而变。由于笔势强劲,使字势开张,欹侧多能达到一种势的平衡。正如董其昌《画禅室随笔》所云:“字须奇宕潇酒,时出新致,以奇为正,不主故常。”

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结字的潇脱有新意是书家性情、风格的重要体现。羲之曾云:“适我无非新。”就是为学为艺要不断求新,要超越时代的束缚,使性情在这个过程中得以不断张显。

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【 a764","r":"466561a595d24f14","rawurl":"http://zm.news.so.com/1da39a2d1f30b71f764a7cec09b4bad3","recalltag":"__0__1449","recalltype":"channel","refer":"","requestid":"a59345cf7419085baeabbf03a6c4d5b1:929c3efb65195dab0","rpt":"4c3f32d1cede8ddc","s":"t","sex_score":"0","showtime":"1640622821","source":"wspuser_1dasha,nbbengnewid_ed3b46c14c3f32d1cede8ddc9a79368a,nbbengdupid1_466561a595d24f14,nbbrs_2547_0,rtype_channel,nbby_&《兰亭序》的单字放大, 发现了王羲之用笔的三个秘密!】