阿卜杜勒拉扎克·古尔纳|在诺贝尔文学奖之外：谁是古尔纳？谁的古尔纳？( 七 ) |阿卜杜勒拉扎克·古尔纳|诺贝

古尔纳的小说经常虚实交织，采用非常有政治性的现实主义，通过不可靠的叙述角度，不断的打断、闪回和交叉。他依赖寓言性片段式的插入和超现实的荒诞感来颠覆叙事，让边缘声音发声的同时又否定这种边缘。在他的笔下，非洲从来都不在任何意义上是一片空白，西方的殖民史也不都是千篇一律，两者之间的关系也从不是统治和反抗的简单二分。古尔纳对个人的关注，使他着重描写对话、物和环境，将历史的动荡起伏埋入日常点滴。读者也因此能在细节的无声处和叙述的留白处听到惊雷、看到繁花。古尔纳迫使读者去思考，大环境之下个体有意无意的选择到底意味着什么、又可能如何作用于事件发展。
那么，在海洋另一边的我们，如何超越西方主导的理论框架去理解尔古纳？如何看到被遮蔽的叙述、具体的个人和在地的故事？如何理解亚非之间的历史和现在？古尔纳的获奖或许是一个契机，促使我们思考该如何“思想去殖民” ，在避免针对西方的妒恨政治和重复冷战的简单二分（陈光兴 2006）的同时，如何将被普遍化的西方特殊化，而看到更多西方中心之外的“全球南方”/“第三世界” ，通过与边缘“共振” ，建立起一个更多元、开放和平等的知识结构和体认体系。希望看到古尔纳和认识到其背后更广阔世界的存在，只是这路上的一个小小开始。
（感谢叶葳对本文的贡献）
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